1) A quantity in an equation which must be specified beside the independent variables to obtain the solution for the dependent variables.
2) A quantity which is constant under a given set of conditions, but may be different under other conditions.
(Source: LEE / MGH)
a quantity (such as the mean or variance) that characterizes a statistical population and that can be estimated by calculations from sample data
any factor that defines a system and determines (or limits) its performance
a constant in the equation of a curve that can be varied to yield a family of similar curves
(computer science) a reference or value that is passed to a function, procedure, subroutine, command, or program